Mr. J.V. Presogna
Presogna Productions

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"Science and Mathematics"

Science News, Sites and Universities

Neutrino Units, Neutrino Transformations, Momenta Neutrino Units, Transformations,
Momenta

The Presogna Photon, The Neutrino & The Graviton The
Presogna
Photon, The Neutrino &
The Graviton

The Distance Between 2 Stars The Distance
Between
2 Stars

Photon Propagation and Redshift Photon Propagation
and Redshift

An Extension of Relativity, 3rd Edition An
Extension
of
Relativity
3rd Edition

Gravitons & Gravitational Radiation Gravitons & Gravitational
Radiation

An Introduction To My Original Scientific Work

I am currently contacting universities in the United States to pursue experiments concerning my original work, which I developed in 1972.

In 1972, I became the first and only person to define the structure of a photon and to calculate its mass. This would lead to the development of my new theory in physics, which is both testable and provable. To many people that means very little. If you are a scientist, however, it is quite important.

The 9 books I have written on the subject and the 21 sets of new equations that I have formulated allow for quantitative measurement and analysis, including experiments. This is what science demands.

Textbook Introduction: An Extension of Relativity, 3rd Edition

Textbook Introduction: The Presogna Photon, The Neutrino & The Graviton


In Albert Einstein's book, "Relativity: The Special and General Theory," published December, 1916, he admits to contradictions in the general theory to the special theory, the most notable being the statement, "... our result shows that, according to the general theory of relativity, the law of the constancy of the velocity of light in vacuo, which constitutes one of the two fundamental assumptions in the special theory of relativity and to which we have already frequently referred, cannot claim any unlimited validity. A curvature of rays of light can only take place when the velocity of propagation of light varies with position. Now we might think that as a consequence of this, the special theory of relativity and with it the whole theory of relativity would be laid in the dust. But in reality this is not the case. We can only conclude that the special theory of relativity cannot claim an unlimited domain of validity; its results hold only so long as we are able to disregard the influences of gravitational fields on the phenomena (e.g. of light)."

The velocity of light is affected by gravity, and the path of light will be altered by gravity, quite a different proposition from special relativity.

In 1972 I resolved the two major contradictions in relativity, and I solved the wave-particle duality problem specifically for the photon.

Briefly, both contradictions have both sides of the contradiction proved, which makes solving the problem an intractable problem.

Contradiction 1: In the early 19th century Thomas Young, through his well-known experiment, demonstrated that light acted like a wave. This was accepted until 1905, when Albert Einstein proved that light, as photons, acted like particles in the photoelectric effect. This contradiction, by way of 2 separate experiments, has both sides proved. Light, the electromagnetic radiation spectrum, has been proved to act like both waves and particles, and this cannot possibly be the final answer in itself. Something cannot be both wave and particle.

Contradiction 2: In 1915 when Einstein was working on general relativity and curved space, he directly contradicted one of the two fundamental principles of special relativity. That principle was that light's velocity was constant in a vacuum. In general relativity that is not true, and the direct contradiction states that light is affected by gravity and its velocity can change. This, of course, was actually proved in 1919, when deflection of starlight in a gravitational field was shown to be fact. The relativistic mass equation, however, was also shown to be fact in 1931 at sub-light speeds, when the cyclotron, a particle accelerator, was not able to function properly because of a relativistic gain in mass. The cyclotron had to be reset to account for the relativistic gain in mass. Yet, if the relativistic mass equation is absolute, no mass can exist at the speed of light, thus making photons with mass a contradiction in itself. Once again, the contradiction in question has both sides proved, since anything affected by gravity must have mass as was shown in 1919, and a relativistic gain in mass is a fact of life as of 1931.

I resolved both of those contradictions when I solved the wave-particle duality problem specifically for the photon in 1972, which required, among other things, an extension of all of the relativistic equations used in special relativity.

My equations do gain all of the correct answers that I am supposed to get, that is, the equations get the same answers that we already know to be true. Additionally, I can gain certain answers that current science cannot gain, and that is the benefit of my original work and the 21 sets of new mathematical equations I derived.

It is impossible to reveal all of that in this site, so I refer you to my book, AN EXTENSION OF RELATIVITY (Course Textbook) 3rd Edition, available at the my bookstore. In that Course Textbook you will find the 21 sets of equations I developed, and a complete explanation of what they define and represent in the theory.



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